Cervical Spondylomyelopathy

Cervical Spondylomyelopathy (CSM), commonly known as Wobbler Syndrome, is a neurological disorder that affects the spinal cord and neck region (cervical spine) of dogs. It occurs when the spinal cord or nerve roots in the neck are compressed due to abnormalities in the cervical vertebrae, such as malformation, instability, or disc herniation. This compression interferes with the transmission of nerve signals between the brain and the body, leading to coordination and movement problems.

The condition is most commonly seen in large and giant dog breeds, particularly Doberman Pinschers, Great Danes, and Rottweilers. It typically affects young Great Danes and middle-aged to older Dobermans, although any large breed can develop it.

Symptoms of Cervical Spondylomyelopathy develop gradually and include wobbling or unsteady walking (especially in the hind limbs), neck pain or stiffness, weakness, difficulty rising, and dragging of the feet. In severe cases, dogs may develop partial paralysis or loss of coordination in all four limbs.

Diagnosis involves a thorough neurological examination, along with imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to confirm spinal cord compression and identify its exact location and cause.

Treatment depends on the severity and underlying cause. Mild cases may be managed medically with anti-inflammatory drugs, pain relief, restricted activity, and physical therapy. Severe or progressive cases often require surgery to relieve pressure on the spinal cord and stabilize the affected vertebrae.

Prevention focuses on maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding excessive neck strain, and responsible breeding practices to reduce genetic predisposition. With proper treatment and care, many dogs with Cervical Spondylomyelopathy can live comfortable lives, although some may have lifelong mobility challenges.