Hip Dysplasia

Hip Dysplasia in Dogs is a common hereditary condition that affects the hip joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and difficulty in movement. It occurs when the hip joint—a ball-and-socket structure—does not fit together properly. Instead of moving smoothly, the bones rub and grind against each other, causing the joint to weaken over time. This abnormal joint development often leads to arthritis and mobility problems as the dog ages.

The condition is most common in large and giant breeds such as German Shepherds, Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, Great Danes, and Rottweilers, though it can occur in smaller breeds as well. Rapid growth, obesity, poor diet, and excessive exercise during puppyhood can increase the risk or worsen the condition in genetically predisposed dogs.

Symptoms of hip dysplasia include stiffness, difficulty standing up or climbing stairs, limping, decreased activity, reluctance to run or jump, and a “bunny-hopping” gait. These signs may appear as early as a few months of age or develop gradually as the dog gets older.

Diagnosis is usually made through a physical examination and X-rays of the hips. Veterinarians may also check for joint looseness and pain during movement.

Treatment depends on the severity of the disease. Mild cases can often be managed with weight control, physical therapy, joint supplements, and anti-inflammatory medications to reduce pain and inflammation. Severe cases may require surgical procedures such as total hip replacement or femoral head osteotomy (FHO) to improve mobility and comfort.

Prevention focuses on responsible breeding practices, maintaining a healthy weight, and providing proper nutrition and controlled exercise during growth. With early diagnosis and proper care, many dogs with hip dysplasia can live comfortable and active lives.