Phacolytic Uveitis

Phacolytic Uveitis

Phacolytic Uveitis is an inflammatory eye condition in dogs that occurs when the lens of the eye leaks proteins into surrounding tissues, triggering an immune reaction. This condition is most often associated with advanced cataracts, where the lens capsule becomes damaged and allows lens proteins to escape. The body’s immune system treats these leaked proteins as foreign invaders, resulting in painful inflammation inside the eye.

Dogs with Phacolytic Uveitis typically show signs such as redness in the eye, excessive tearing, squinting, light sensitivity, and cloudiness in the lens. The affected eye may appear bluish or milky, and the dog may rub or paw at it due to discomfort. If left untreated, the inflammation can lead to glaucoma, retinal detachment, or even permanent blindness. Since the condition develops gradually, early recognition is crucial to preserve vision.

The main cause of Phacolytic Uveitis is leakage from cataract-affected lenses. Cataracts can form due to aging, diabetes, eye trauma, or inherited conditions. When the lens proteins break down and escape, they trigger uveitis — inflammation of the uveal tract (iris, ciliary body, and choroid). The disease is not contagious, but it can be progressive if not treated promptly.

Dog Breeds Commonly Affected by Phacolytic Uveitis

While Phacolytic Uveitis can affect any dog, certain breeds are more prone to cataract development and therefore more likely to suffer from this condition:

• Cocker Spaniels
• Poodles (Toy, Miniature, and Standard)
• Labrador Retrievers
• Boston Terriers
• Siberian Huskies
• Bichon Frises
• Golden Retrievers
• Schnauzers (Miniature and Standard)
• West Highland White Terriers
• Samoyeds

Diagnosis of Phacolytic Uveitis is made through a comprehensive eye examination, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy and tonometry to check for glaucoma. Treatment focuses on controlling inflammation and managing pain using topical corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory eye drops, and sometimes systemic medications. In many cases, surgical removal of the cataract (phacoemulsification) may be recommended to eliminate the source of the leakage.

Early detection and timely veterinary care can make a huge difference in maintaining your dog’s eye health. Regular eye checkups, especially in breeds prone to cataracts, are key. Feeding your pet a balanced diet rich in antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids can also support long-term ocular health and reduce inflammation risks.